Research status of rotary tillers in my country

Among domestic rotary tillage machinery products, horizontal rotary tillers are the mainstream. This type of rotary tiller has strong adaptability to soil and good soil mixing effect. It can meet the requirements of turning soil, breaking soil and leveling the ground surface in one operation. . However, the plowing depth is generally shallow, the plowing is serious, the working parts are easily entangled with grass and mud, and the power consumption is large during operation. For this purpose, vertical and inclined rotary tillers were introduced. The vertical rotary tiller is mainly suitable for stubble removal operations. The inclined rotary tiller is a new type of tillage machine that combines the characteristics of plowing and rotary tillage, with low power consumption and good tillage quality.
In the horizontal rotary tiller, according to the steering of the rotary tiller's cutter shaft and the tractor wheel, it can be divided into two types: forward rotation and reverse rotation. If the cutter shaft of the rotary tiller rotates in the same direction as the tractor wheel, it is a forward-rotating rotary tiller, and vice versa. The reverse rotary tiller was proposed on the basis of the forward rotary tiller. Later, the submerged soil reverse rotary tiller and the forward and reverse rotary tiller were introduced. The reverse rotary tiller can be used as the main supporting equipment of large and medium-sized combine harvesters. It can form stubble in the soil, which is conducive to the return of straw to the field and achieves the purpose of increasing soil organic matter. The submerged soil reversing rotary tiller can increase deep plowing and can also effectively solve the problem of soil obstruction in front of the cutter shaft. Through the combination of the transmission mechanism and the working parts, the forward and reverse rotary tiller can make the cutter shaft rotate forward and reverse to complete stubble removal and rotary tillage at the same time, realizing one machine with multiple functions.
The depth of penetration of a rotary tiller into the soil is generally less than 10% to 20% of the radius of the rotary tillage component. Considering the appropriate unit energy consumption required for the radius of the rotary tillage component, the rotary tillage blade should be kept lower than the ground. Some designs install the central speed regulator directly on the shaft of the rotary tillage component based on the relative relationship between the rotary tillage component and the plowing depth. This ensures minimal energy consumption of agricultural tools, minimal material consumption and better work quality. Most of the blade edge curves of rotary cultivators adopt Archimedes curves. In addition, equiangular logarithmic curves, sinusoidal exponential curves, etc. are also used. Chinese scholars have proposed a variety of edge curves, such as energy-saving edge curve design, flat and curved tangent surface design, and curved wire design using radial spirals as transition surfaces.
In recent years, in order to meet current production needs, various models of rotary tillers with widths of 1.25~2.80m have also been developed. For example, the 1G N series and 1G series rotary tillers of various models produced by Nanchang Rotary Tiller Factory; the 1GE2 210 type rotary tiller and the 1GQN 250S type rotary tiller produced by Jiangsu Lianyungang Rotary Tiller Group Company. The combined operation models used in our country include 1GHL 280 loosening and ridging machine, 1GSZ 210/280 combined rotary tillage multi-purpose machine, 1GZJ 210 rotary tillage and stubble removal combined soil preparation machine, 1GLT 4 type loosening, stubble removal and ridging general machine and 1GQH 280D stubble-killing multi-purpose rotary tillage machine, etc.